Spinal cord injury should always be suspected where the victim has dived into shallow water, or potentially sustained one of the injuries suggested by hyperextension, flexion etc. Some victims may present with minimal or no signs or symptoms. If you are in any doubt treat the victim for a spinal cord injury.
Signs suggesting SCI
- Abnormal heart rate (may be fast or slow depending on injury)
- Abrasions or bruising to the head or forehead
- Breathing difficulties
- Dilated pupils
- Fluid leaking from the ears
- Loss of or altered level of consciousness
- Loss of function in hands, fingers, feet or toes
- Loss of bladder or bowel control
- Neck or head in abnormal position
- Priapism (erection) in males
- Shock
Symptoms suggesting SCI
- Back or neck pain
- Feeling of pins and needles
- Headache or dizziness
- Nausea
- Tingling, numbness or lack of feeling in lower or upper limbs, fingers or toes