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Groundwater
User’s Manual » Features » Tool Box » Hydrology » Subcatchment » Groundwater
Groundwater parameters should be applied to model the groundwater flow between an aquifer and the drainage system node. Parameter Name Description Default Value Aquifer Aquifer object that lies below subcatchment (leave blank for no…
9.4.4 Groundwater Infiltration
Reference Guide » 9 Water Balance Processes in Continuous Simulation » 9.4 Active Soil Zone Water Balance » 9.4.4 Groundwater Infiltration
The percolation equation used in SWMM (Rossman & Huber, 2016) is used to calculate the groundwater infiltration. where: K = the saturated hydraulic conductivity, ∅ = the soil total porosity, θ = the soil moisture HCO = the percolation coefficient depending on…
7.5.6 Adding Precipitation, Temperature, Evaporation, Groundwater and Flow Data
VO-SWMM » 7 Working with Resource Library » 7.5 Adding New Items » 7.5.6 Adding Precipitation, Temperature, Evaporation, Groundwater and Flow Data
The monitoring precipitation, temperature and evaporation data is added to corresponding gauges from a data file. To do this: Select the gauge first and then click the proper Read-in button in the Toolbar. In the New Monitored Data window, click the Browse ……
7.5.5 Adding Rain Gauge, Temperature Gauge, Evaporation Gauge, Groundwater Gauge and Flow Gauge
VO-SWMM » 7 Working with Resource Library » 7.5 Adding New Items » 7.5.5 Adding Rain Gauge, Temperature Gauge, Evaporation Gauge, Groundwater Gauge and Flow Gauge
For continuous simulation, the time series data usually comes from monitoring gauges. It is necessary to have the gauge information (e.g. ID and location) included in the Resource Library to enable connect to monitoring database and apply distributed rainfall models.…
9.5 Modeling a Wetland
Reference Guide » 9 Water Balance Processes in Continuous Simulation » 9.5 Modeling a Wetland
The wetland command in VO is designed to mimic a natural wetland, with a wet storage area surrounded by a dry vegetated area. The storage area and dry area are both dynamic in order represent the flooding and drying out seen in many natural wetlands. The way this…
Simulation – Output
User’s Manual » Features » Tool Bar » Simulation » Simulation – Output
VOSWMM generates both time-series results and summary results. The Time-Series Results in VOSWMM include following variables: Catchment: Rainfall, Snow Depth, Evaporation, Infiltration, Runoff, Groundwater flow, Groundwater elevation, Soil moisture and Pollutant…
Subcatchment
User’s Manual » Features » Tool Box » Hydrology » Subcatchment
A subcatchment is a hydrologic unit that generates runoff and produces a hydrograph that can be routed downstream. It can have two parts, pervious and impervious areas. A pervious area is a surface where water infiltrates into the upper soil zone, but in an…
Aquifers
User’s Manual » Features » Tool Bar » Simulation » Simulation – Data » SWMM5 Data » Aquifers
Click the Aquifers button to open the Aquifer Editor window. Button Description Add one aquifer Delete selected aquifers. Please note to use Ctrl and Shift keys for multiple selection. Import a group of…
9.4 Active Soil Zone Water Balance
Reference Guide » 9 Water Balance Processes in Continuous Simulation » 9.4 Active Soil Zone Water Balance
The water balance in active soil zone (pervious area) is simulated as where: = the amount of water stored in soil (mm), = the initial amount of water in soil (mm), = the runoff from depression storage (mm), ICRO = the effective runoff from indirectly connected…
10.2.5 Bioretention
Reference Guide » 10 Low Impact Development Controls » 10.2 LID Practices » 10.2.5 Bioretention
A bioretention facility is a small-scale stormwater management practice that promotes infiltration of storm water to reduce its volume, improve its quality, and increase groundwater recharge. Bioretention systems contain four completely-mixed layers, including a layer…
7.3.1 Order of Items
VO-SWMM » 7 Working with Resource Library » 7.3 Library Explorer » 7.3.1 Order of Items
Items of different types in one group are organized in a certain order as described below. Items with higher order will appear before items with lower order. Items of same type are arranged alphabetically by name. Sub-group Rain Gauge IDF Group Manual Input Design…
3.13 Project Manager
VO-SWMM » 3 Conceptual Model » 3.13 Project Manager
The Project Manager is to manage the scenarios and climate data in the project. By default, it’s located on the right-hand side besides the Properties window. THE PROJECT MANAGER IN CONTINUOUS OTTHYMO PROJECT HAS THREE MORE SECTIONS (TEMPERATURE DATA, EVAPORATION…
9.3.3.3 Plot Calibration
VO-SWMM » 9 Working with Output » 9.3 Continuous Simulation Outputs » 9.3.3 Time Series Plot » 9.3.3.3 Plot Calibration
Similar to the single-event simulation, it is important to compare the observed and simulated time-series data for model calibration. As there are more than one time-series data available, it is necessary to specify which time series to use for the comparison. This is…
Pollutants
User’s Manual » Features » Tool Bar » Simulation » Simulation – Data » SWMM5 Data » Pollutants
Click the Pollutants button to open the Pollutant Editor window. Button Description Add one pollutant Delete selected pollutants. Please note to use Ctrl and Shift keys for multiple selection. Import a…
System Representation in SWMM: A Comprehensive Overview
Practical Example of VOSWMM for Students » 5. Runoff Water Quality » System Representation in SWMM: A Comprehensive Overview
VOSWMM uses different tools and methods to model urban runoff water quality. Calibration data is essential for realistic results. Here’s a brief overview of how VOSWMM handles water quality. Pollutants Pollutants, which are user-defined contaminants, accumulate…
Time Patterns
User’s Manual » Features » Tool Bar » Simulation » Simulation – Data » SWMM5 Data » Time Patterns
Time Patterns are used to introduce periodic variations in external dry weather flow (DWF) and involve adjustment factors as multipliers for a baseline DWF flow rate or pollutant concentration. These patterns come in different types: Monthly, Daily, Hourly, and…
3.6.3 ROUTEWETLAND
VO-SWMM » 3 Conceptual Model » 3.6 Flow Separation Hydrologic Objects » 3.6.3 ROUTEWETLAND
RouteWetland command is used to route flows through a wetland. This command is only available for continuous modeling, which calculates the hydrologic cycle of a wetland. The wetland command includes a dry area (similar to a wetland) and a wet area (similar to a route…
9.3.1 Summary Data
VO-SWMM » 9 Working with Output » 9.3 Continuous Simulation Outputs » 9.3.1 Summary Data
The summary data in continuous simulation is listed in Table 10-5. Note that the average annual summaries may not be the average annual values if the simulation time period doesn’t cover the whole year. TABLE 10-5 CONTINUOUS SIMULATION SUMMARY…
Model Setup
Practical Example of VOSWMM for Students » 5. Runoff Water Quality » Model Setup
In this example, we’ll focus solely on Total Suspended Solids (TSS) as a key water quality parameter. TSS is a common pollutant in urban stormwater, often found at high concentrations. Reported TSS EMCs range from 180 to 548 mg/L (U.S. EPA, 1983) and 225 to 400…
Model Results
Practical Example of VOSWMM for Students » 5. Runoff Water Quality » Model Results
We ran both the EMC washoff model (Example5-EMC.inp) and the exponential washoff model (Example5-EXP.inp) for 0.1 in., 0.23 in., and 2-year rainfall events, with the following analysis options: Simulation Period: 12 hours Antecedent Dry Days: …
Engine Options
User’s Manual » Features » Tool Bar » Simulation » Simulation – Run and Options » Engine Options
Engine Options Click the Engine Options button. In the pop-up window, set parameters used by the SWMM5 engine. *Please note that the settings will be used in the same way as in EPA SWMM5. The EPA SWMM User’s Manual is the reference for this part. The…
LID Controls
User’s Manual » Features » Tool Bar » Simulation » Simulation – Data » SWMM5 Data » LID Controls
Click the LID Controls button to open the LID Control Editor window. Button Description Add one LID Delete selected LIDs. Please note to use Ctrl and Shift keys for multiple selection. Import a group of…